Showing posts with label Bellarine Railway. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bellarine Railway. Show all posts

Monday, December 1, 2014

1890: Future destination of Bellarine shell grit opens in Melbourne

In 1890, the glass-making company Australian Glass Manufacturers (AGM) opened a factory at Spotswood, moving from the South Melbourne site that it had occupied since 1873.
Westgate Bridge & AGM, Spotswood 


AGM's move is (just!) part of the glass-related history of the Bellarine Peninsula because in 1959, AGM started to take delivery of up to 1,000 tons of shell grit a week from the Laker's processing plant near Point Lonsdale.

The Melbourne Glass Bottle Works
AGM's new Spotswood factory was known as the Melbourne Glass Bottle Works. In its first decade, the Bottle Works grew rapidly, until it employed five hundred staff and occupied five acres.

AGM worker & milk bottles, 1958.
The site was serviced by a railway line that led from the Spotswood railway station to the Spotswood Pumping Station. From there it curved to the east, running directly into the AGM site via a purpose-built railway siding. It was at this siding that, between 1959 and 1973, trains carrying shell grit from the Bellarine would terminate their journey. (See "1959: Shell grit for Melbourne glass works re-opens Bellarine rail line". 27 November 2014 on this blog.)

In 1973,  the Spotswood siding ceased to receive shipments of shell grit from the Bellarine, as AGM changed its suppliers for a company in New South wales. In 1998, the Spotswood siding fell into disuse altogether, as railway shipments of sand from Nyora, South Gippsland (via the Koala siding) ceased.

The Spotswood siding was decommissioned in August 2001, but parts of it remain in place, buried under concrete driveways and hardstand on what is now private land.

AGM in Sydney
By the late 19th century, glass production had become one of South Sydney’s main industries. Glassworks were established at Redfern and Alexandria and the Australian Glass Manufacturers opened a glass works on South Dowling Street, Waterloo.

AGM's Waterloo plant manufactured bottles for the pharmacy, brewing, distilling and winemaking industries; and jars for domestic preserving and pickling fruit and vegetables. By the 1920s, AGM had a monopoly on glassmaking in Sydney.

AGM display vehicle, Sydney, 1930s
In 1926, AGM launched a subsidiary company - Crown Crystal Glass Pty. Ltd. - to produce crystal, cut, pressed and blown glassware (including pyrex) for industrial and domestic use. By the late 1930s, the company was producing 9,634 different types of glass bottles and containers.

In 1968 Crown Crystal Glass became partners with American company Corning Ltd., becoming Crown Corning Ltd. The partnership ended in 1988.

Sources
http://www.sydneybarani.com.au/sites/australian-glass-manufacturers/

 


Thursday, November 27, 2014

1959: Shellgrit for Melbourne glass works re-opens Bellarine rail line


On November 16 1959, the Geelong – Queenscliff line re-opened, heralding a new chapter in the glass-related history of the Bellarine Peninsula.
 
The re-opened line (which branched off at South Geelong) connected the Laker family's shell grit plant near Queenscliff with the Australian Glass Manufacturers (AGM) plant at Spotswood.

At what was known as Laker's siding, just west of point Lonsdale, a concrete platform and elevated loading bins were provided. From there, up to 1,000 tons of shellgrit was despatched each week to AGM's plant at Spotswood, for use in glassmaking. A train ran weekly to Laker's Siding until 1973, when AGM changed suppliers. In 1976, Lakers siding closed.

How did AGM use Bellarine shellgrit?
Shellgrit consists mostly of seashells, which are made of Calcium Carbonate (also known as ‘lime’, ‘quicklime’, ‘limestone’, ‘calcite). When mixed with an acid, Calcium Carbonate becomes Calcium Oxide, giving off Carbon Dioxide; and Calcium Oxide is used in making glass, steel and paper.
 
The basic ingredient of glass is Silica (sand) and glass-makers generally add Calcium Carbonate and Sodium Carbonate to Silica to lower its melting point and to make it more malleable and easy to work with. (Pure Silica can produce excellent glass, but it takes very high temperatures to melt [1,723 degrees Centigrade, or 3,133 degrees  Fahrenheit] and, when molten, is so viscous that it is difficult to handle.)
 
Prior history of the Geelong - Queenscliff line
The Geelong – Queenscliff line (branching off at South Geelong) had opened in 1879 carrying passengers and freight. Passenger services ceased in 1931, mainly due to bus competition. However, freight trains operated twice weekly on the line between 1931 and 1934, reduced to weekly in 1934.

Laker's siding (1960?)
Laker's siding 2011
After the war, the weekly goods run was reduced to fortnightly; and after further declines in traffic, the line closed on May 13 1959 - only to re-open six months later.

Laker's siding revived!
The 'new' Laker's station



In 1979, the Bellarine Railway re-opened the siding and in 2003 the company built a passenger station, using an original VR Portable building and the Marshalltown post office hut. In 2007, the Bellarine Railway started the “Lakers Project”, which will upgrade the platform, enable steam trains to take on water and create a 150 metre long rolling stock shed. Later on, workshops will be built, creating Lakers as the Bellarine Railway’s maintenance base.

Sources:
http://www.railgeelong.com/lineguide/queenscliff
http://bellarinerailway.com.au/lakers-siding/attachment/8
http://highriser.blogspot.com.au/2011/05/easter-2.html